通(tong)风(feng)柜(ju)可以按照排风(feng)方(fang)式(shi)、进(jin)风(feng)方(fang)式(shi)、使用状态、有无外接管道等四(si)种(zhong)特点进(jin)行分类。通(tong)风(feng)柜(ju)的具(ju)体类型及特点如下(xia)：

按照(zhao)进(jin)风(feng)(feng)方式(shi)(shi)可以将(jiang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)风(feng)(feng)柜(ju)(ju)分(fen)为全排风(feng)(feng)式(shi)(shi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)风(feng)(feng)柜(ju)(ju)、补风(feng)(feng)式(shi)(shi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)风(feng)(feng)柜(ju)(ju)、变(bian)风(feng)(feng)量式(shi)(shi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)风(feng)(feng)柜(ju)(ju)三种(zhong)类型。其中全排风(feng)(feng)式(shi)(shi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)风(feng)(feng)柜(ju)(ju)能够将(jiang)室(shi)(shi)内的(de)进(jin)风(feng)(feng)通(tong)(tong)(tong)过(guo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)风(feng)(feng)柜(ju)(ju)的(de)循(xun)环排出(chu)室(shi)(shi)外(wai)，也就(jiu)是所谓的(de)全排，应用的(de)比(bi)较广。补风(feng)(feng)式(shi)(shi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)风(feng)(feng)柜(ju)(ju)则主要用于(yu)对(dui)采暖或对(dui)温湿度要求(qiu)比(bi)较高的(de)场所，能够实现减(jian)少空调(diao)能耗(hao)的(de)效果，是采用从室(shi)(shi)外(wai)取补给风(feng)(feng)在柜(ju)(ju)内循(xun)环后排出(chu)室(shi)(shi)外(wai)的(de)一种(zhong)通(tong)(tong)(tong)风(feng)(feng)柜(ju)(ju)。变(bian)风(feng)(feng)量式(shi)(shi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)风(feng)(feng)柜(ju)(ju)相较于(yu)以上两种(zhong)，成本上比(bi)较高，对(dui)于(yu)分(fen)数的(de)控制更准(zhun)确，使用需要的(de)费用比(bi)较低。

按照(zhao)排(pai)(pai)风(feng)(feng)方式则是将通(tong)风(feng)(feng)柜分为上部排(pai)(pai)风(feng)(feng)式、下部排(pai)(pai)风(feng)(feng)式和上下同(tong)时排(pai)(pai)风(feng)(feng)三种类型(xing)，根(gen)据实验室的需求不同(tong)，选用(yong)不同(tong)的通(tong)风(feng)(feng)柜，能够得(de)到好的排(pai)(pai)风(feng)(feng)比(bi)例，为了适应(ying)二中实验，上下同(tong)时排(pai)(pai)风(feng)(feng)的排(pai)(pai)风(feng)(feng)柜使用(yong)的比(bi)较多。

按(an)照通(tong)(tong)风(feng)过的(de)使用状(zhuang)态，主要(yao)是将通(tong)(tong)风(feng)柜(ju)分(fen)为开放(fang)式(shi)(shi)、落地式(shi)(shi)、两面式(shi)(shi)、三面玻(bo)璃式(shi)(shi)、桌上(shang)式(shi)(shi)、连体式(shi)(shi)等类型，根据实(shi)验室的(de)实(shi)验性质(zhi)选用，如对(dui)放(fang)射性实(shi)验应该使用三面玻(bo)璃式(shi)(shi)通(tong)(tong)风(feng)柜(ju)。

有无外接管道的(de)通风(feng)柜(ju)分类主要(yao)用(yong)于(yu)气体实(shi)验较多(duo)的(de)实(shi)验室，有管道连接的(de)通风(feng)柜(ju)能够将有害气体直接处理或排(pai)出，安全性(xing)更(geng)高。